{"id":6436,"date":"2025-09-26T14:35:08","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T09:05:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/magazine\/?post_type=blog&#038;p=6436"},"modified":"2025-12-12T10:46:50","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T05:16:50","slug":"multi-cap-funds-sebi-25-rule","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/blog\/multi-cap-funds-sebi-25-rule\/","title":{"rendered":"The multi-cap funds dilemma: Is the 25% allocation rule holding fund managers back?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you look at equity mutual funds, the first thing that comes to your mind is growth, a way to build wealth in the long run. But then the real question tags along: where should you put your money? Large-caps feel safe with their steady compounding, mid-caps hold the promise of growth, and then there are small-caps, which look tempting with their high-risk but high-reward appeal. Multi-cap funds, one type of equity mutual funds, resolve this issue, by giving you a bit of everything in just one single scheme.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In September 2020, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), the market regulator in India, brought in a rule that changed entirely the way multi-cap funds are structured with a simple intent. They wanted to ensure genuine diversification in the fund and maintain transparency between the AMCs and investors.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, in reality, it also brought a fair amount of rigidity. We will be focusing on this aspect and the implications it can have on your strategy. Let\u2019s begin with understanding what are multi-cap funds and the SEBI\u2019s rule in detail.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What are multi-cap funds?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Think of a multi-cap fund as a three-legged stool, where each leg represents large-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap stocks. If one leg (say, small-caps) stumbles, the other two can help steady the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/blog\/how-to-build-a-mutual-fund-portfolio\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">portfolio<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By definition, these funds invest across the market spectrum. According to SEBI, to be classified as a multi-cap fund today:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At least 75% of the total portfolio allocation must go into equities<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Within this, 25% each must be compulsorily allocated to large, mid, and small-caps<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This rule is also reflected in the Nifty500 Multicap 50:25:25 Total Return Index (TRI), which acts as the benchmark for these funds.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why SEBI introduced the 25% rule for multi-cap funds<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SEBI identified the following reasons that necessitated in implementation of this rule:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many multi-cap funds were benchmarked to indices like NIFTY 200 or NIFTY 500, but in reality, their portfolios were dominated by large-cap stocks (sometimes, more than 80%). In such cases, they should have been closer to NIFTY 50, as this benchmark better represents the top 50 large-cap companies. The NIFTY 200 AND NIFTY 500 have a broader exposure that may also cover mid-cap and small-cap stocks too.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the \u201cmulti-cap\u201d label, exposure to mid and small-caps was negligible in several schemes like ICICI Pru Multicap Fund, where its allocation to small-cap companies was less than 10%. This, in a way, lacked true to its label.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A quick look at ICICI Pru Multicap Fund\u2019s allocation over the years shows how dynamics shifted (before and after the rule was implemented).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>ICICI Pru Multicap Fund: Average asset allocation (%) for 2019-21<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Year<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Large-cap (avg. %)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mid-cap (avg. %)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Small-cap (avg. %)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2019<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">70.97<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">12.77<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9.37<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2020<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">68.43<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">16.44<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">9.74<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2021<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">42.80<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">26.17<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">28.58<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: 1 Finance Research<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prior to the rule, the fund tilted heavily toward large-cap stocks, with 70.97% in 2019 and 68.43% in 2020. However, by 2021, the allocation realigned with the new SEBI regulation, with large-cap exposure dropping to 42.80%, while mid-cap and small-cap allocations rose to 26.17% and 28.58%, respectively.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With this 25% rule for multi-cap funds, SEBI also targeted misleading scheme names. At that time, high-profile funds like HDFC Equity Fund or Motilal Oswal Multicap 35 had more than 80% invested in large-caps while marketing themselves as multi-caps. Investors were essentially buying large-cap funds under a different name.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, SEBI\u2019s intention was clear. They wanted to make sure multi-cap funds remain multi-cap. But here comes the twist you may have overlooked. Diversification is generally good, but a fixed allocation isn\u2019t investor-friendly as it can become a problem <a href=\"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/blog\/how-to-diversify-your-portfolio-in-todays-highly-volatile-market\/\">when markets turn volatile<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Check out: Curious to know if your mutual fund holdings are truly diversified and don\u2019t overlap across different schemes? <a href=\"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/calculator\/portfolio-review\">Try Mutual Fund Overlap Calculator to find out<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How does this fixed allocation expose multi-cap funds to market risks<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Markets are cyclical, with different equity segments outperforming at different times. However, multi-cap funds face structural limitations in adapting to these shifts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In particular, small-cap and mid-cap stocks tend to be more volatile when the market trends lower during the bearish phase. Despite this, the 25% mandate compels the 50% allocation in these segments, significantly amplifying the downside risks as they cannot reallocate towards relatively stable large-cap stocks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As per <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1 Finance<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> research, August 2025 data, total SIP asset under management (AUM) in multi-cap funds stands around \u20b9205141.4846 Crore, almost 128% increase from August\u00a0 2023, with the total number of folios reaching 10582438.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The situation is even more critical, as over the last 3-5 years, these funds have seen a steady rise in the retail participation of SIPs. The chart below clearly illustrates this trend, showing how SIP inflows in multi-cap funds have consistently increased year after year, despite market volatility. The year 2025 has already reached almost \u20b925,000 Crore mark.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Total SIP inflows (\u20b9 Crore) in multi-cap funds: from years 2022 &#8211; 2025<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-6438 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog-600x399.jpg\" alt=\"Total SIP Inflows - Multi Asset Allocation Funds\" width=\"683\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog-600x399.jpg 600w, https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog-1200x797.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/1f-dashboard\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/blog.jpg 1493w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/div>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: 1 Finance Research<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With retail investments continuing to pour into these funds, this rigid allocation requirement may inadvertently be fueling a bubble in the mid-cap and small-cap space. Despite these stocks becoming over-valued, fund managers can do nothing about it.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multi-cap funds performance review: When broad exposure doesn\u2019t mean lower risk<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drawdowns reveal the real pain investors experience during a market downturn, and how long it takes to recover. While traditional metrics like standard deviation focuses on volatility, they don\u2019t clearly convey the depth of loss and time of recovery. An analysis of HDFC Multi Cap Fund, Kotak Multi Cap Fund, and SBI Multi Cap Fund highlights this point clearly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Key metrics to understand<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drawdown: measures the percentage decline in the investment from its highest value to its lowest over a specific period<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Net Asset Value (NAV): the price of the one unit of a fund<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The table presents the drawdown figures for their corresponding dates, along with the time taken to recover from its value lowest.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multi-cap funds: Drawdown and recovery data<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"scroll-x\">\n<table style=\"min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fund name<\/span><\/th>\n<th data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Period considered<\/span><\/th>\n<th data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maximum Drawdown<\/span><\/th>\n<th data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peak to Final Recovery Date<\/span><\/th>\n<th data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Days of recovery<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quant Multi Cap Fund<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">27-09-2024 to 03-03-2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-24.71%<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not recovered<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uptill now not recovered<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kotak Multi Cap Fund<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">27-09-2024 to 03-03-2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-21.00%<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not recovered<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uptill now not recovered<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HDFC Multi Cap Fund<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">27-09-2024 to 03-03-2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-20.20%<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not recovered<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uptill now not recovered<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SBI Multi Cap Fund<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">27-09-2024 to 28-02-2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-14.74%<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">30-06-2025<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-rowspan=\"1\" data-colspan=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">276<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source: 1 Finance Research<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1 Finance<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> research makes this clear.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From September 2024, all major funds experienced steep double-digit drawdowns, despite being positioned as diversified.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What\u2019s more striking is that both funds, HDFC Multi Cap Fund and Kotak Multi Cap Fund, still haven\u2019t clawed back to their earliest highs, even after months. Investors remain in the red.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Only SBI Multi Cap Fund managed to recover, and even that took nearly nine months (276 days), just to recover losses.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This evidence challenges the assumption that all in one fund style alone ensures stability during market shocks. So, while SEBI\u2019s rule spreads risk, it also forces the portfolio to become vulnerable to market volatility, especially from mid-caps and small-caps. And neither fund managers nor investors can do much if the conditions worsen.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How the 25% rule restricts fund managers&#8217; flexibility<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fund managers\u2019 expertise lies in spotting opportunities, rebalancing risk, and shifting allocations based on market cycles. They are also responsible for selecting valuable stocks. However, multi-cap funds have a paradoxical case. Being marketed as actively managed funds that require complete fund managers\u2019 supervision, instead, this rule ties their hands, not allowing them the flexibility to take calls.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, you aren\u2019t getting the best of both worlds. You are paying the active management fees, yet not able to use it optimally. In such cases, it is arguably better not to have an active fund manager at all, rather than have one who cannot exercise judgment when it is needed the most.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Considering these strategic limitations, naturally, this brings us to an important aspect investors should consider, which is taxation. Has the 25% rule for multi-cap funds changed how multi-cap funds are taxed? Not really.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How are multi-cap funds taxed<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As equity-oriented funds, multi-caps follow the same tax rules:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG): If you sell within 12 months, gains are taxed at 20%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG): If you sell after 12 months, gains up to \u20b91.25 lakh in a financial year are tax-free. Gains above \u20b91.25 lakh are taxed at 12.5% (without indexation).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What this means for investors<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The core question that matters to us: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Is a multi-cap fund optimizing for market participation, strategic exposure, or just regulatory compliance?<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The way most of us look at multi-cap funds is simple. We fall prey to this subtle mental trap that we can handle a little bit of volatility in the mid-cap and small-cap stocks just for higher returns. However, this same allocation can feel unbearable during unfavorable market conditions. What looked like diversification now feels like \u201ctoo risky\u201d. Investors often think, \u201cThe fund manager will handle it.\u201d But in this case, you cannot rely on external expertise when markets get rough. Your emotions during market downtrends don\u2019t care about SEBI\u2019s 25% rule.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So the bigger question is about our psychology:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do we anchor our expectations on past performance, ignoring how we actually feel when markets are underperforming?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Does the appearance of diversification make us more easy-going about the risks sitting quietly inside the portfolio?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If the decision seems too confusing, you can <a href=\"https:\/\/1finance.co.in\/talk-to-a-financial-advisor\">consult a Qualified Financial Advisor (QFA)<\/a> who can guide you properly, while considering your financial interests.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multi-cap funds are not good or bad. They are simply structured in a specific way. As investors, understanding that structure and its implications during both good and bad times is what really matters. Because in the end, it\u2019s not about avoiding risk, but about knowing the kind of risk you are signing up for.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understand how 25% allocation rule impact multi-cap fund strategies and returns.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":6437,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_updated_date":""},"blog-category":[273],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.11 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Multi-Cap Funds Dilemma: How SEBI\u2019s 25% Rule Impacts Fund Managers &amp; Investor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how SEBI\u2019s 25% allocation rule impacts multi-cap funds. 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