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Charge Off
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Introduction
A charge-off marks a lender's decision that a loan is uncollectable after about 180 days of non-payment. In India, this often applies to debts over ₹10,000. Even so, the borrower must still pay the debt. The lender considers it a loss and stops expecting repayment. This event can lower a credit score by over 100 points, and it stays on credit reports for seven years.
The Impact of Charge-Offs from a Lender’s Perspective
For lenders, a charge-off helps manage losses and comply with regulations. It allows them to use their resources better. Lenders can also claim tax benefits by writing off these debts as deductions under the Income Tax Act of India. To recover some losses, they may sell these debts to collection agencies. These agencies often settle with borrowers for 30–50% of the original amount, such as on a ₹1 lakh debt.
Consequences for Borrowers
Charge-offs have serious consequences for borrowers. They can greatly reduce credit scores, leading to loan rejections or high interest rates, like 18% instead of a typical 12%. If debts exceed ₹1 lakh, borrowers may face lawsuits or wage garnishment. The borrower is responsible for the debt until it is paid off, settled, or wiped out by bankruptcy.
Practical Tips to Manage Charge-Offs
To manage charge-offs effectively, borrowers should negotiate with lenders early to restructure payments. They can also settle debts for less than what they owe. Regularly checking credit reports can help fix any errors. Building an emergency fund and consolidating debts can lower interest rates. These steps help maintain financial stability and creditworthiness for future borrowing.
By communicating effectively and planning finances well, individuals can avoid charge-off issues. This ensures they stay credible borrowers for future needs, like home loans or business funding. These strategies help you manage debts now and boost your financial stability for the future.
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